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| __TOC__
| | {{CMake/Template/Moved}} |
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| = Introduction =
| | This page has moved [https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/community/wikis/doc/cmake/languages/fortran/Fortran-Issues here]. |
| CMake has a number of Fortran issues that have been discussed many different times on list and duplicated a fair number of times in the bug tracker as well.
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| Maik Beckmann is trying to make sense of all the confusion by collecting information on all Fortran issues at http://www.cmake.org/Bug/view.php?id=5809
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| Please join the work there by
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| * Contributing patches.
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| * Testing the patches that already exist there.
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| * Reporting things that don't work.
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| * Sending simplified examples of things which don't work.
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| * Sharing your expert knowledge of CMake.
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| | |
| = Concepts expressed using Makefiles =
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| This section is intended to discuss the makefile rules which CMake has to | |
| generate.
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| == A simple program ==
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| A f9x program which is build by compiling in linking two source files ''a.f90'' and ''main.f90''.
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| The tree structure is:
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| * example_simpleProgram
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| ** build
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| *** Makefile
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| *** prog.dir
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| **** build.make
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| ** main.f90
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| ** a.f90
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| a.f90:
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| <pre>
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| SUBROUTINE printHello
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| WRITE(*,*) "Hello f9x world"
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| END SUBROUTINE
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| </pre>
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| | |
| main.f90:
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| <pre>
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| PROGRAM hello
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| CALL printHello
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| END PROGRAM
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| </pre>
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| Makefile:
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| <pre>
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| all: prog.dir/all
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| prog.dir/all:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/all
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| clean:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/clean
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| </pre>
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| build.make:
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| <pre>
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| prog.dir/all: prog.dir/prog
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| prog.dir/prog: prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/prog prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o
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|
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| prog.dir/a.o: ../a.f90
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/a.o -c ../a.f90
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|
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| prog.dir/main.o: ../main.f90
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/main.o -c ../main.f90
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|
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| prog.dir/clean:
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| rm prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/prog
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| </pre>
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| | |
| Now change into ''build'' and type
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| : $ make
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| to build. The current CMake is able to build the same without any problems. This is also valid for any fortran code that doesn't use modules.
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| You can download this example as tarball example_simpleProgram.tar.gz at http://www.cmake.org/Bug/view.php?id=5809
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| | |
| == A simple program with module ==
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| The same as before, but now ''a.f90'' provides a module which ''main.f90'' uses.
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| The tree structure is:
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| * example_simpleProgram_withModule
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| ** build
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| *** Makefile
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| *** prog.dir
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| **** build.make
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| ** main.f90
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| ** a.f90
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| a.f90:
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| <pre>
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| MODULE localMod
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| !
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| CONTAINS
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| SUBROUTINE printHello
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| WRITE(*,*) "Hello f9x world"
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| END SUBROUTINE
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| END MODULE
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| </pre>
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| | |
| main.f90:
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| <pre>
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| PROGRAM hello
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| USE localMod
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| CALL printHello
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| END PROGRAM
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| </pre>
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| Makefile:
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| <pre>
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| all: prog.dir/all
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| prog.dir/all:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/all
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| clean:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/clean
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| </pre>
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| build.make:
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| <pre>
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| prog.dir/all: prog.dir/prog
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| prog.dir/prog: prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/prog prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o
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| prog.dir/a.o: ../a.f90
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/a.o -c ../a.f90 -M prog.dir
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|
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| prog.dir/localmod.mod: prog.dir/a.o
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|
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| prog.dir/main.o: ../main.f90 prog.dir/localmod.mod
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/main.o -c ../main.f90 -I prog.dir
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|
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| prog.dir/clean:
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| rm prog.dir/localmod.mod prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/prog
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| </pre>
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| | |
| Now change into ''build'' and type
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| : $ make
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| to build. This is nothing the current CMake can't do. Now
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| do (you're at the build directory)
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| $ touch ../a.f90
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| and enter
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| $ make
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| again. You'll see that a.f90 is recompiled, like the current CMake does,
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| but main.f90 is recompiled too! This is different from current CMake, but its
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| the right way, since a module dependency is a compile time dependency like an
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| include.
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| == Executable depending on external lib ==
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| This example build a executable target which
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| # provides a module
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| # uses the provided module
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| # uses a module of a external library
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| structure:
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| * example_dependingOn_externalLib
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| ** extLib
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| *** include
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| **** externalmod.mod
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| *** lib
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| **** libmylib.a
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| ** myproject
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| *** build
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| **** Makefile
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| **** prog.dir
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| ***** build.make
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| *** a.f90
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| *** main.f90
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| You can download this example as tarball example_dependingOn_externalLib.tar.gz
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| at http://www.cmake.org/Bug/view.php?id=5809 . The extlib folder contains the source and a Makefile to build and install the lib by typing
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| : $ make install
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| Now the contents of myproject
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| a.f90:
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| <pre>
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| MODULE localMod
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| !
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| CONTAINS
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| SUBROUTINE printLocalModGreeting
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| WRITE(*,*) "Greetings from Module localMod"
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| END SUBROUTINE
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| END MODULE
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| </pre>
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| main.f90:
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| <pre>
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| PROGRAM hello
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| USE localMod
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| USE externalMod
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| CALL printLocalModGreeting
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| CALL printExtModGreeting
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| END PROGRAM
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| </pre>
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| Makefile:
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| <pre>
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| all: prog.dir/all
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| prog.dir/all:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/all
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| clean:
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make prog.dir/clean
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| </pre>
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| build.make:
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| <pre>
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| prog.dir/all: prog.dir/prog
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| prog.dir/prog: prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/prog prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o ../../extLib/lib/libmylib.a
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| prog.dir/a.o: ../a.f90
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/a.o -c ../a.f90 -M prog.dir
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|
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| prog.dir/localmod.mod: prog.dir/a.o
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|
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| prog.dir/main.o: ../main.f90 prog.dir/localmod.mod
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/main.o -c ../main.f90 -I prog.dir -I ../../extLib/include
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|
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| prog.dir/clean:
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| rm prog.dir/localmod.mod prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/prog
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| </pre>
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| | |
| == Executable target depending on lib target ==
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| structure:
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| * example_depending_libTarget
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| ** build
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| *** Makefile
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| *** lib.dir
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| **** build.make
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| **** libmodx.mod.stamp
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| **** libmody.mod.stamp
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| *** prog.dir
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| **** build.make
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| ** lib
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| *** a.f90
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| *** b.f90
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| ** prog
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| *** a.f90
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| *** main.f90
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| contents...
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| lib/a.f90:
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| <pre>
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| MODULE libModX
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| USE libModY
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| END MODULE
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| </pre>
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| lib/b.f90:
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| <pre>
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| MODULE libModY
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| END MODULE
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| </pre>
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| prog/a.f90:
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| <pre>
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| MODULE localMod
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| END MODULE
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| </pre>
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| prog/main.f90:
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| <pre>
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| PROGRAM hello
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| USE localMod
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| USE libModX
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| WRITE(*,*) 'Hello, F90 world.'
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| END PROGRAM
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| </pre>
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| build/Makefile:
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| <pre>
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| all: lib.dir/all prog.dir/all
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|
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| lib.dir/all:
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| $(MAKE) -f lib.dir/build.make
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| prog.dir/all: lib.dir/all
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| $(MAKE) -f prog.dir/build.make
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| </pre>
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| build/lib.dir/build.make:
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| <pre>
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| lib.dir/all: lib.dir/mylib
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| lib.dir/mylib: lib.dir/libmylib.a
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| lib.dir/libmylib.a: lib.dir/a.o lib.dir/b.o
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| ar rc lib.dir/libmylib.a lib.dir/a.o lib.dir/b.o
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| ranlib lib.dir/libmylib.a
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| lib.dir/a.o: ../lib/a.f90 lib.dir/libmody.mod
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| gfortran -o lib.dir/a.o -c ../lib/a.f90 -M lib.dir
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| touch lib.dir/libmodx.mod.stamp
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|
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| lib.dir/b.o: ../lib/b.f90
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| gfortran -o lib.dir/b.o -c ../lib/b.f90 -M lib.dir
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| touch lib.dir/libmody.mod.stamp
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|
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| lib.dir/libmodx.mod: lib.dir/a.o
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| lib.dir/libmody.mod: lib.dir/b.o
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| lib.dir/clean:
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| rm lib.dir/a.o lib.dir/b.o lib.dir/libmylib.a
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| rm lib.dir/libmodx.mod lib.dir/libmody.mod
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| </pre>
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| build/prog.dir/build.make
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| <pre>
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| prog.dir/all: prog.dir/prog
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| prog.dir/prog: prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/a.o
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/prog prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/a.o lib.dir/libmylib.a
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| prog.dir/a.o: ../prog/a.f90
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/a.o -c ../prog/a.f90 -M prog.dir
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|
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| prog.dir/localmod.mod: prog.dir/a.o
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| prog.dir/main.o: lib.dir/libmodx.mod.stamp
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| prog.dir/main.o: ../prog/main.f90 prog.dir/localmod.mod
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| gfortran -o prog.dir/main.o -c ../prog/main.f90 -I lib.dir -I prog.dir
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| prog.dir/clean:
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| rm prog.dir/a.o prog.dir/main.o prog.dir/prog prog.dir/localmod.mod
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| </pre>
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| == Finally: Executable target depending on lib target and external lib ==
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| structure:
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| * example_final
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| ** extLib
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| *** include
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| **** externalmod.mod
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| *** lib
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| **** libmyextlib.a
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| ** myproject
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| *** build
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| **** Makefile
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| **** lib.dir
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| ***** build.make
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| ***** libmodx.mod.stamp
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| ***** libmody.mod.stamp
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| **** prog.dir
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| ***** build.make
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| *** lib
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| **** a.f90
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| **** b.f90
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| *** prog
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| **** a.f90
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| **** main.f90
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