[vtkusers] Segfault in vtkOpenGLRenderWindow.OpenGLInitState and advice about render window in/out events

Elvis Stansvik elvis.stansvik at orexplore.com
Mon Jun 27 05:08:52 EDT 2016


2016-06-27 9:48 GMT+02:00 Elvis Stansvik <elvis.stansvik at orexplore.com>:

> 2016-06-27 9:09 GMT+02:00 Elvis Stansvik <elvis.stansvik at orexplore.com>:
>
>> 2016-06-26 13:31 GMT+02:00 Elvis Stansvik <elvis.stansvik at orexplore.com>:
>>
>>> 2016-06-26 13:06 GMT+02:00 Elvis Stansvik <elvis.stansvik at orexplore.com>
>>> :
>>>
>>>> Hi,
>>>>
>>>> In my quest to create a PyQt5 widget based on QOpenGLWidget for
>>>> showing/interacting with VTK, I now have something that seems to work
>>>> (including the whole thing as a runnable example below).
>>>>
>>>
>>> It was a little too early to say "seems to work": When trying to show
>>> one of the volumes I need to render, I get
>>>
>>> (gui) [estan at pyret orexplore.gui]$ python -m orexplore.gui.main
>>> enabling depth test
>>> ERROR: In
>>> /home/estan/Blandat/vtk-python3/src/VTK-7.0.0/Rendering/OpenGL2/vtkOpenGLRenderWindow.cxx,
>>> line 1682
>>> vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow (0x308c3f0): Hardware does not support the
>>> number of textures defined.
>>>
>>> Segmentation fault (core dumped)
>>> (gui) [estan at pyret orexplore.gui]$
>>>
>>> on my Sandybridge laptop :/
>>>
>>> Anyone know if I'd be able to use the old OpenGL backend here?
>>>
>>
>> I can now confirm that I'm getting the same error on my Haswell work
>> laptop (which is using the OpenGL2 backend) :( Anyone know if there's a way
>> to solve this or what I should look into?
>>
>> The volume I'm trying to render is not particularly big (2000x120x120,
>> float), and it renders fine if I use a QGLWidget to back my VTK widget
>> instead of QOpenGLWidget. So I'm suspecting it might have something to do
>> with how I set up my QOpenGLWidget.
>>
>
> I tried printing the number of texture units in my StartEvent handler with
>
>
> print(self.renderWindow.GetTextureUnitManager().GetNumberOfTextureUnits())
>
> and it print 0, so I think something must definitely be wrong with how I
> initialize things?
>

I've now tried from C++, with the QVTKWidget3 class from this StackOverflow
poster:

    http://stackoverflow.com/a/26946040/252857

which was the inspiration for my own QOpenGLWidget-based PyQt5 widget, and
I:

- Get the same crash on OpenGLInitState as I mentioned in the start of this
thread

- If I comment the call to OpenGLInitState, I instead get the following
crash in VTK when paintGL is called:

(gdb) bt
#0  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
#1  0x00007ffff7692efd in
vtkOpenGLRenderWindow::ActivateTexture(vtkTextureObject*) () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#2  0x00007ffff76d72c8 in vtkTextureObject::Create3DFromRaw(unsigned int,
unsigned int, unsigned int, int, int, void*) ()
   from /opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#3  0x00007ffff7ba8485 in
vtkOpenGLGPUVolumeRayCastMapper::vtkInternal::LoadVolume(vtkRenderer*,
vtkImageData*, vtkVolumeProperty*, vtkDataArray*, int) ()
   from /opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#4  0x00007ffff7bb123d in
vtkOpenGLGPUVolumeRayCastMapper::GPURender(vtkRenderer*, vtkVolume*) ()
from /opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#5  0x00007ffff5ac1615 in vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper::Render(vtkRenderer*,
vtkVolume*) () from /opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingVolume-7.0.so.1
#6  0x00007ffff5361331 in vtkVolume::RenderVolumetricGeometry(vtkViewport*)
() from /opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#7  0x00007ffff7694376 in vtkOpenGLRenderer::UpdateGeometry() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#8  0x00007ffff7694030 in vtkOpenGLRenderer::DeviceRender() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#9  0x00007ffff5341017 in vtkRenderer::Render() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#10 0x00007ffff533d4c5 in vtkRendererCollection::Render() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#11 0x00007ffff534705e in vtkRenderWindow::DoStereoRender() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#12 0x00007ffff534923b in vtkRenderWindow::Render() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#13 0x00007ffff7693031 in vtkOpenGLRenderWindow::Render() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2-7.0.so.1
#14 0x00007ffff534ca09 in vtkRenderWindowInteractor::Render() () from
/opt/VTK-7.0.0/lib/libvtkRenderingCore-7.0.so.1
#15 0x00000000004079dd in QVTKWidget3::paintGL() ()
#16 0x00007ffff6e1fdad in QOpenGLWidgetPrivate::invokeUserPaint
(this=0x6c77f0) at kernel/qopenglwidget.cpp:812
#17 0x00007ffff6e00f88 in QWidget::event (this=0x7fffffffdba0,
event=0x7fffffffd080) at kernel/qwidget.cpp:9044
#18 0x00007ffff6dbe05c in QApplicationPrivate::notify_helper
(this=this at entry=0x643990, receiver=receiver at entry=0x7fffffffdba0, e=e at entry
=0x7fffffffd080)
    at kernel/qapplication.cpp:3716
#19 0x00007ffff6dc3516 in QApplication::notify (this=0x7fffffffdb90,
receiver=0x7fffffffdba0, e=0x7fffffffd080) at kernel/qapplication.cpp:3499
#20 0x00007ffff64cb62b in QCoreApplication::notifyInternal
(this=0x7fffffffdb90, receiver=receiver at entry=0x7fffffffdba0,
event=event at entry=0x7fffffffd080)
    at kernel/qcoreapplication.cpp:965
#21 0x00007ffff6df9a79 in QCoreApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent
(event=0x7fffffffd080, receiver=<optimized out>)
    at ../../include/QtCore/../../src/corelib/kernel/qcoreapplication.h:227
#22 QWidgetPrivate::sendPaintEvent (this=this at entry=0x6c77f0,
toBePainted=...) at kernel/qwidget.cpp:5625
#23 0x00007ffff6dfa0c1 in QWidgetPrivate::drawWidget (this=0x6c77f0,
pdev=0xcc8ea0, rgn=..., offset=..., flags=flags at entry=5,
    sharedPainter=sharedPainter at entry=0x0, backingStore=0x808d20) at
kernel/qwidget.cpp:5565
#24 0x00007ffff6dcb8aa in QWidgetBackingStore::doSync
(this=this at entry=0x808d20)
at kernel/qwidgetbackingstore.cpp:1226
#25 0x00007ffff6dcc0a2 in QWidgetBackingStore::sync (this=0x808d20,
exposedWidget=0x7fffffffdba0, exposedRegion=...) at
kernel/qwidgetbackingstore.cpp:954
#26 0x00007ffff6e1da43 in QWidgetWindow::event (this=0x6b3a30,
event=0x7fffffffd7d0) at kernel/qwidgetwindow.cpp:255
#27 0x00007ffff6dbe05c in QApplicationPrivate::notify_helper
(this=this at entry=0x643990, receiver=receiver at entry=0x6b3a30, e=e at entry
=0x7fffffffd7d0)
    at kernel/qapplication.cpp:3716
#28 0x00007ffff6dc3516 in QApplication::notify (this=0x7fffffffdb90,
receiver=0x6b3a30, e=0x7fffffffd7d0) at kernel/qapplication.cpp:3499
#29 0x00007ffff64cb62b in QCoreApplication::notifyInternal
(this=0x7fffffffdb90, receiver=receiver at entry=0x6b3a30, event=event at entry
=0x7fffffffd7d0)
    at kernel/qcoreapplication.cpp:965
#30 0x00007ffff680e4ec in QCoreApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent
(event=0x7fffffffd7d0, receiver=0x6b3a30)
    at ../../include/QtCore/../../src/corelib/kernel/qcoreapplication.h:227
#31 QGuiApplicationPrivate::processExposeEvent (e=0xc55c10) at
kernel/qguiapplication.cpp:2663
#32 0x00007ffff680f25d in QGuiApplicationPrivate::processWindowSystemEvent
(e=e at entry=0xc55c10) at kernel/qguiapplication.cpp:1658
#33 0x00007ffff67f2f38 in QWindowSystemInterface::sendWindowSystemEvents
(flags=...) at kernel/qwindowsysteminterface.cpp:625
#34 0x00007ffff7ec0070 in userEventSourceDispatch (source=<optimized out>)
at eventdispatchers/qeventdispatcher_glib.cpp:70
#35 0x00007ffff0643127 in g_main_context_dispatch () from
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0
#36 0x00007ffff0643380 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0
#37 0x00007ffff064342c in g_main_context_iteration () from
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0
#38 0x00007ffff6521a7f in QEventDispatcherGlib::processEvents
(this=0x6966d0, flags=...) at kernel/qeventdispatcher_glib.cpp:418
#39 0x00007ffff64c8dea in QEventLoop::exec (this=this at entry=0x7fffffffda90,
flags=..., flags at entry=...) at kernel/qeventloop.cpp:204
#40 0x00007ffff64d0e8c in QCoreApplication::exec () at
kernel/qcoreapplication.cpp:1229
#41 0x00000000004066e1 in main ()

I noticed the crash is in ActivateTexture. Could this be due to the same
texture unit problem I saw when using my Python widget?

Elvis


> Elvis
>
>
>>
>> What I'm doing to configure it is simply:
>>
>>         # Request OpenGL 3.2 compatibility profile and enable
>> multi-sampling
>>         surfaceFormat = QSurfaceFormat.defaultFormat()
>>         surfaceFormat.setMajorVersion(3)
>>         surfaceFormat.setMinorVersion(2)
>>         surfaceFormat.setProfile(QSurfaceFormat.CompatibilityProfile)
>>         surfaceFormat.setSamples(8)
>>         self.setFormat(surfaceFormat)
>>
>> The whole reason I'm trying to get QOpenGLWidget working is that
>> QGLWidget does not have a setFormat in PyQt5, since it doesn't wrap
>> functions marked "obsolete" in Qt, and this prevents me from enabling
>> multi-sampling.
>>
>> Very grateful for any advice from experts on the OpenGL2 backend, as I
>> really need to get this working and move on.
>>
>> I'm attaching my vtk_widget2.py, which shows how I set up rendering into
>> the QOpenGLWidget. Rendering of the cone example at the bottom works, it's
>> just when I'm trying volume rendering using vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper that
>> I get the above error.
>>
>> Elvis
>>
>>
>>> Elvis
>>>
>>>
>>>>
>>>> I do however have two problems (indicated by "FIXME:"s in the code
>>>> below):
>>>>
>>>> 1. When I try to call vtkOpenGLRenderWindow.OpenGLInitState when
>>>> handling the render window StartEvent (commented out below), similar to how
>>>> QVTKWidget2 does, I get a segmentation fault:
>>>>
>>>> (gdb) bt
>>>> #0  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
>>>> #1  0x00007fffd8ad13b9 in vtkOpenGLRenderWindow::OpenGLInitState() ()
>>>> from /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2.so.1
>>>> #2  0x00007fffd8de8479 in ?? () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2Python35D.so.1
>>>> #3  0x00007ffff79ba5e9 in PyCFunction_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #4  0x00007ffff7a325f1 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #5  0x00007ffff7a339e2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #6  0x00007ffff7a33ac3 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #7  0x00007ffff799db98 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #8  0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #9  0x00007ffff7989d64 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #10 0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #11 0x00007ffff7a2a457 in PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #12 0x00007fffe8d905a0 in vtkPythonCommand::Execute(vtkObject*,
>>>> unsigned long, void*) () from /usr/lib/libvtkWrappingPython35Core.so.1
>>>> #13 0x00007fffe89ac196 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libvtkCommonCore.so.1
>>>> #14 0x00007fffdf022a0f in vtkRenderWindow::Render() () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingCore.so.1
>>>> #15 0x00007fffd8ad4461 in vtkOpenGLRenderWindow::Render() () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingOpenGL2.so.1
>>>> #16 0x00007fffdf027498 in vtkRenderWindowInteractor::Start() () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingCore.so.1
>>>> #17 0x00007fffdf3ee789 in ?? () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libvtkRenderingCorePython35D.so.1
>>>> #18 0x00007ffff79ba5e9 in PyCFunction_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #19 0x00007ffff7a325f1 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #20 0x00007ffff7a339e2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #21 0x00007ffff7a33ac3 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #22 0x00007ffff799db98 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #23 0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #24 0x00007ffff7989d64 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #25 0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #26 0x00007ffff79cfa10 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #27 0x00007ffff79cdde6 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #28 0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #29 0x00007ffff7a2c4bc in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #30 0x00007ffff7a32942 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #31 0x00007ffff7a339e2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #32 0x00007ffff7a33ac3 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #33 0x00007ffff7a33aeb in PyEval_EvalCode () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #34 0x00007ffff7a2802d in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #35 0x00007ffff79ba5e9 in PyCFunction_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #36 0x00007ffff7a325f1 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #37 0x00007ffff7a339e2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #38 0x00007ffff7a306e0 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #39 0x00007ffff7a339e2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #40 0x00007ffff7a33ac3 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #41 0x00007ffff799db98 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #42 0x00007ffff79730da in PyObject_Call () from
>>>> /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #43 0x00007ffff7a6af01 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #44 0x00007ffff7a6b7dc in Py_Main () from /usr/lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
>>>> #45 0x0000000000400ae7 in main ()
>>>> (gdb)
>>>>
>>>> Sorry for the lack of debugging symbols, but before I recompile VTK
>>>> with debugging symbols, I thought I'd ask if anyone has an idea what may be
>>>> the reason for the crash? I haven't seen any adverse effects from not
>>>> calling this function, but I suspect something is broken? (how can I test?)
>>>>
>>>> 2. I can't seem to find a way to properly implement the
>>>> WindowIsCurrentEvent, WindowIsDirectEvent and WindowSupportsOpenGLEvent
>>>> render window events. E.g. (from below):
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowIsCurrentEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowIsDirectEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowSupportsOpenGLEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>> The callData is a bool* and the handler is expected to write a bool to
>>>> the pointed memory. I can't see that there's any way to do this from Python
>>>> (is it possible with ctypes somehow?).
>>>>
>>>> So far I haven't seen any adverse effects from not implementing these
>>>> three events correctly, but expect something to be broken..?
>>>>
>>>> Thankful for any advice on these two issues, and it would be great if
>>>> someone could try out the example, with the
>>>>
>>>>     # self.renderWindow.OpenGLInitState()  # FIXME: Segfaults :(
>>>>
>>>> line uncommented, to confirm the segfault I'm seeing.
>>>>
>>>> Cheers,
>>>> Elvis
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QTimer, QEvent, QSize
>>>> from PyQt5.QtGui import QSurfaceFormat
>>>> from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QOpenGLWidget
>>>>
>>>> from vtk import vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow
>>>> from vtk import vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor
>>>> from vtk import vtkCommand
>>>> from vtk import vtkRenderer
>>>>
>>>> from vtk import VTK_CURSOR_DEFAULT, VTK_CURSOR_ARROW, VTK_CURSOR_SIZENE
>>>> from vtk import VTK_CURSOR_SIZENW, VTK_CURSOR_SIZESW, VTK_CURSOR_SIZESE
>>>> from vtk import VTK_CURSOR_SIZENS, VTK_CURSOR_SIZEWE, VTK_CURSOR_SIZEALL
>>>> from vtk import VTK_CURSOR_HAND, VTK_CURSOR_CROSSHAIR
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> class VTKWidget(QOpenGLWidget):
>>>>
>>>>     def __init__(self, surfaceFormat=QSurfaceFormat.defaultFormat(),
>>>> *args, **kwargs):
>>>>         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
>>>>
>>>>         # Request OpenGL 3.2 compatibility profile and enable
>>>> multi-sampling
>>>>         surfaceFormat.setMajorVersion(3)
>>>>         surfaceFormat.setMinorVersion(2)
>>>>         surfaceFormat.setProfile(QSurfaceFormat.CompatibilityProfile)
>>>>         surfaceFormat.setSamples(8)
>>>>         self.setFormat(surfaceFormat)
>>>>
>>>>         # Create render window
>>>>         self.renderWindow = vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow()
>>>>         self.renderWindow.SetSize(self.width(), self.height())
>>>>         self.renderWindow.SetPosition(self.x(), self.y())
>>>>
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.StartEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onStartEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.EndEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onEndEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.CursorChangedEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onCursorChangedEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.WindowMakeCurrentEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onWindowMakeCurrentEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.WindowIsCurrentEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onWindowIsCurrentEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.WindowFrameEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onWindowFrameEvent)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.WindowIsDirectEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onWindowIsDirectEvent)
>>>>
>>>> self.renderWindow.AddObserver(vtkCommand.WindowSupportsOpenGLEvent,
>>>>                                       self._onWindowSupportsOpenGLEvent)
>>>>
>>>>         # Create interactor
>>>>         self.interactor = vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor()
>>>>         self.interactor.SetRenderWindow(self.renderWindow)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetSize(self.width(), self.height())
>>>>         self.interactor.AddObserver(vtkCommand.CreateTimerEvent,
>>>>                                     lambda *_: self._timer.start(10))
>>>>         self.interactor.AddObserver(vtkCommand.DestroyTimerEvent,
>>>>                                     lambda *_: self._timer.stop())
>>>>         self.interactor.Start()
>>>>
>>>>         # Create renderer
>>>>         self.renderer = vtkRenderer()
>>>>         self.renderWindow.AddRenderer(self.renderer)
>>>>
>>>>         # Timer for the interactor
>>>>         self._timer = QTimer(self)
>>>>         self._timer.timeout.connect(self.interactor.TimerEvent)
>>>>
>>>>         # Some tracked input state
>>>>         self._pressedButton = Qt.NoButton
>>>>         self._lastMouseX = 0
>>>>         self._lastMouseY = 0
>>>>         self._lastModifiers = Qt.NoModifier
>>>>         self._lastButtons = Qt.NoButton
>>>>         self._wheelDelta = 0
>>>>
>>>>         # Finalize render window before we're destroyed
>>>>         self._hidden = QWidget(self)
>>>>         self._hidden.hide()
>>>>         self._hidden.destroyed.connect(self.renderWindow.Finalize)
>>>>
>>>>     #
>>>>     # Handle VTK render window events
>>>>     #
>>>>
>>>>     def _onStartEvent(self, *_):
>>>>         self.makeCurrent()
>>>>         self.renderWindow.PushState()
>>>>         # self.renderWindow.OpenGLInitState()  # FIXME: Segfaults :(
>>>>
>>>>     def _onEndEvent(self, *_):
>>>>         self.renderWindow.PopState()
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowMakeCurrentEvent(self, *_):
>>>>         pass  # Handled automatically by QOpenGLWidget
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowIsCurrentEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowIsDirectEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowSupportsOpenGLEvent(self, sender, event, callData):
>>>>         callData = True  # FIXME: This won't work...
>>>>
>>>>     def _onWindowFrameEvent(self, *_):
>>>>         if self.renderWindow.GetSwapBuffers():
>>>>             self.update()
>>>>
>>>>     def _onCursorChangedEvent(self):
>>>>
>>>>         def showCursor():
>>>>             vtkCursor = self.renderWindow.GetCurrentCursor()
>>>>             qtCursor = VTKWidget._cursors.get(vtkCursor, Qt.ArrowCursor)
>>>>             self.setCursor(qtCursor)
>>>>
>>>>         # Defer until cursor has actually changed
>>>>         QTimer.singleShot(0, showCursor)
>>>>
>>>>     #
>>>>     # Implement QOpenGLWidget functions
>>>>     #
>>>>
>>>>     def initializeGL(self):
>>>>         self.renderWindow.OpenGLInitContext()
>>>>
>>>>     def paintGL(self):
>>>>         self.interactor.Render()
>>>>
>>>>     def resizeGL(self, width, height):
>>>>         self.renderWindow.SetSize(width, height)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetSize(width, height)
>>>>         self.interactor.ConfigureEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     #
>>>>     # Handle QWidget events
>>>>     #
>>>>
>>>>     def closeEvent(self, _):
>>>>         self.renderWindow.Finalize()
>>>>
>>>>     def sizeHint(self):
>>>>         return QSize(400, 400)
>>>>
>>>>     def moveEvent(self, event):
>>>>         super().moveEvent(event)
>>>>         self.renderWindow.SetPosition(self.x(), self.y())
>>>>
>>>>     def enterEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(self._lastMouseX,
>>>> self._lastMouseY,
>>>>                                                  ctrl, shift, chr(0),
>>>> 0, None)
>>>>         self.interactor.EnterEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def leaveEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(self._lastMouseX,
>>>> self._lastMouseY,
>>>>                                                  ctrl, shift, chr(0),
>>>> 0, None)
>>>>         self.interactor.LeaveEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def mousePressEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         repeat = 1 if event.type() == QEvent.MouseButtonDblClick else 0
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(event.x(), event.y(),
>>>> ctrl, shift,
>>>>                                                  chr(0), repeat, None)
>>>>
>>>>         self._pressedButton = event.button()
>>>>
>>>>         if self._pressedButton == Qt.LeftButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.LeftButtonPressEvent()
>>>>         elif self._pressedButton == Qt.RightButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.RightButtonPressEvent()
>>>>         elif self._pressedButton == Qt.MidButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.MiddleButtonPressEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(event.x(), event.y(),
>>>> ctrl, shift,
>>>>                                                  chr(0), 0, None)
>>>>
>>>>         if self._pressedButton == Qt.LeftButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.LeftButtonReleaseEvent()
>>>>         elif self._pressedButton == Qt.RightButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.RightButtonReleaseEvent()
>>>>         elif self._pressedButton == Qt.MidButton:
>>>>             self.interactor.MiddleButtonReleaseEvent()
>>>>
>>>>         self._pressedButton = Qt.NoButton
>>>>
>>>>     def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
>>>>         self._lastModifiers = event.modifiers()
>>>>         self._lastButtons = event.buttons()
>>>>         self._lastMouseX = event.x()
>>>>         self._lastMouseY = event.y()
>>>>
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(event.x(), event.y(),
>>>> ctrl, shift,
>>>>                                                  chr(0), 0, None)
>>>>         self.interactor.MouseMoveEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def keyPressEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         key = str(event.text()) if event.key() < 256 else chr(0)
>>>>         keySym = VTKWidget._qtKeyToKeySymbol(event.key())
>>>>
>>>>         if shift and len(keySym) == 1 and keySym.isalpha():
>>>>             keySym = keySym.upper()
>>>>
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(self._lastMouseX,
>>>> self._lastMouseY,
>>>>                                                  ctrl, shift, key, 0,
>>>> keySym)
>>>>         self.interactor.KeyPressEvent()
>>>>         self.interactor.CharEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def keyReleaseEvent(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl, shift = self._modifiers(event)
>>>>         key = chr(event.key()) if event.key() < 256 else chr(0)
>>>>
>>>>         self.interactor.SetEventInformationFlipY(self._lastMouseX,
>>>> self._lastMouseY,
>>>>                                                  ctrl, shift, key, 0,
>>>> None)
>>>>         self.interactor.KeyReleaseEvent()
>>>>
>>>>     def wheelEvent(self, event):
>>>>         self._wheelDelta += event.angleDelta().y()
>>>>
>>>>         if self._wheelDelta >= 120:
>>>>             self.interactor.MouseWheelForwardEvent()
>>>>             self._wheelDelta = 0
>>>>         elif self._wheelDelta <= -120:
>>>>             self.interactor.MouseWheelBackwardEvent()
>>>>             self._wheelDelta = 0
>>>>
>>>>     def _modifiers(self, event):
>>>>         ctrl = shift = False
>>>>
>>>>         if hasattr(event, 'modifiers'):
>>>>             if event.modifiers() & Qt.ShiftModifier:
>>>>                 shift = True
>>>>             if event.modifiers() & Qt.ControlModifier:
>>>>                 ctrl = True
>>>>         else:
>>>>             if self._lastModifiers & Qt.ShiftModifier:
>>>>                 shift = True
>>>>             if self._lastModifiers & Qt.ControlModifier:
>>>>                 ctrl = True
>>>>
>>>>         return ctrl, shift
>>>>
>>>>     @classmethod
>>>>     def _qtKeyToKeySymbol(cls, key):
>>>>         if key not in VTKWidget._keySymbols:
>>>>             return None
>>>>         return VTKWidget._keySymbols[key]
>>>>
>>>>     # Maps VTK cursors to Qt cursors
>>>>     _cursors = {
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_DEFAULT: Qt.ArrowCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_ARROW: Qt.ArrowCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZENE: Qt.SizeBDiagCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZENW: Qt.SizeFDiagCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZESW: Qt.SizeBDiagCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZESE: Qt.SizeFDiagCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZENS: Qt.SizeVerCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZEWE: Qt.SizeHorCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_SIZEALL: Qt.SizeAllCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_HAND: Qt.PointingHandCursor,
>>>>         VTK_CURSOR_CROSSHAIR: Qt.CrossCursor
>>>>     }
>>>>
>>>>     # Maps Qt keys to VTK key symbols
>>>>     _keySymbols = {
>>>>         Qt.Key_Backspace: 'BackSpace',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Tab: 'Tab',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Backtab: 'Tab',
>>>>         # Qt.Key_Clear : 'Clear',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Return: 'Return',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Enter: 'Return',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Shift: 'Shift_L',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Control: 'Control_L',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Alt: 'Alt_L',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Pause: 'Pause',
>>>>         Qt.Key_CapsLock: 'Caps_Lock',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Escape: 'Escape',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Space: 'space',
>>>>         # Qt.Key_Prior : 'Prior',
>>>>         # Qt.Key_Next : 'Next',
>>>>         Qt.Key_End: 'End',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Home: 'Home',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Left: 'Left',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Up: 'Up',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Right: 'Right',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Down: 'Down',
>>>>         Qt.Key_SysReq: 'Snapshot',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Insert: 'Insert',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Delete: 'Delete',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Help: 'Help',
>>>>         Qt.Key_0: '0',
>>>>         Qt.Key_1: '1',
>>>>         Qt.Key_2: '2',
>>>>         Qt.Key_3: '3',
>>>>         Qt.Key_4: '4',
>>>>         Qt.Key_5: '5',
>>>>         Qt.Key_6: '6',
>>>>         Qt.Key_7: '7',
>>>>         Qt.Key_8: '8',
>>>>         Qt.Key_9: '9',
>>>>         Qt.Key_A: 'a',
>>>>         Qt.Key_B: 'b',
>>>>         Qt.Key_C: 'c',
>>>>         Qt.Key_D: 'd',
>>>>         Qt.Key_E: 'e',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F: 'f',
>>>>         Qt.Key_G: 'g',
>>>>         Qt.Key_H: 'h',
>>>>         Qt.Key_I: 'i',
>>>>         Qt.Key_J: 'j',
>>>>         Qt.Key_K: 'k',
>>>>         Qt.Key_L: 'l',
>>>>         Qt.Key_M: 'm',
>>>>         Qt.Key_N: 'n',
>>>>         Qt.Key_O: 'o',
>>>>         Qt.Key_P: 'p',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Q: 'q',
>>>>         Qt.Key_R: 'r',
>>>>         Qt.Key_S: 's',
>>>>         Qt.Key_T: 't',
>>>>         Qt.Key_U: 'u',
>>>>         Qt.Key_V: 'v',
>>>>         Qt.Key_W: 'w',
>>>>         Qt.Key_X: 'x',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Y: 'y',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Z: 'z',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Asterisk: 'asterisk',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Plus: 'plus',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Minus: 'minus',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Period: 'period',
>>>>         Qt.Key_Slash: 'slash',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F1: 'F1',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F2: 'F2',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F3: 'F3',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F4: 'F4',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F5: 'F5',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F6: 'F6',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F7: 'F7',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F8: 'F8',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F9: 'F9',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F10: 'F10',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F11: 'F11',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F12: 'F12',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F13: 'F13',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F14: 'F14',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F15: 'F15',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F16: 'F16',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F17: 'F17',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F18: 'F18',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F19: 'F19',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F20: 'F20',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F21: 'F21',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F22: 'F22',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F23: 'F23',
>>>>         Qt.Key_F24: 'F24',
>>>>         Qt.Key_NumLock: 'Num_Lock',
>>>>         Qt.Key_ScrollLock: 'Scroll_Lock'
>>>>     }
>>>>
>>>> def example():
>>>>     #
>>>>     # Try out VTKWidget by showing a couple of cones
>>>>     #
>>>>     from sys import argv, exit
>>>>     from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QVBoxLayout
>>>>     from vtk import vtkConeSource, vtkPolyDataMapper, vtkActor
>>>>
>>>>     app = QApplication(argv)
>>>>
>>>>     layout = QVBoxLayout()
>>>>
>>>>     for i in range(2):
>>>>         widget = VTKWidget()
>>>>
>>>>         coneSource = vtkConeSource()
>>>>         coneSource.SetResolution(8)
>>>>
>>>>         coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper()
>>>>         coneMapper.SetInputConnection(coneSource.GetOutputPort())
>>>>
>>>>         coneActor = vtkActor()
>>>>         coneActor.SetMapper(coneMapper)
>>>>
>>>>         widget.renderer.AddActor(coneActor)
>>>>
>>>>         layout.addWidget(widget)
>>>>
>>>>     container = QWidget()
>>>>     container.setLayout(layout)
>>>>     container.show()
>>>>
>>>>     exit(app.exec_())
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> if __name__ == '__main__':
>>>>     example()
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>
>
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