CmakeGccm32: Difference between revisions

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= How to use gcc-multilib to cross compile software for Linux =
{{CMake/Template/Moved}}


Goal: compile a 32bits exe on running amd64 linux system.
This page has moved [https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/community/wikis/doc/cmake/cross_compiling/Gccm32 here].
 
== Install the gcc-multilib package ==
 
$ sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib
 
== Write a CMake toolchain file ==
 
For CMake to be able to crosscompile software, it requires you to write a toolchain file, which tells CMake
some information about the toolchain.
With the examples used above it will look like:
<pre>
# the name of the target operating system
SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
 
# which compilers to use for C and C++
SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER gcc)
SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS -m32)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER g++)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS -m32)
 
# here is the target environment located
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH  /usr/i486-linux-gnu )
 
# adjust the default behaviour of the FIND_XXX() commands:
# search headers and libraries in the target environment, search
# programs in the host environment
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
</pre>
 
Save this file as Toolchain-gcc-m32.cmake to some location where you will put
all your toolchain files, e.g. $HOME.
As you can see CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is set to /usr/i486-linux-gnu, which contains the libraries '''and''' headers 
installed with the toolchain.
 
== Build the software for Linux ==
 
Let's say you have the classical hello world software with a CMake based buildsystem and want to build this for Linux
using gcc -m32.
main.c:
<pre>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
  printf("Hello world\n");
  return 0;
}
</pre>
 
CMakeLists.txt:
<pre>
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello main.c)
</pre>
 
Then run CMake on it to generate the buildfiles, the important point is that you tell it to use the toolchain file you just wrote:
<pre>
~/src/helloworld/ $ mkdir build
~/src/helloworld/ $ cd build
~/src/helloworld/build/ $ cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=~/Toolchain-gcc-m32.cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/mathieu/gcc-m32-install ..
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/mathieu/src/helloworld/build
~/src/helloworld/build/ $ make
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[100%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.o
Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
</pre>
 
You can then verify:
 
$ file hello
hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, not stripped
 
In case you have a more complex application that is using let say zlib, you would need first to install it:
 
$ apt-cross --arch i386 -i zlib1g-dev
 
And after compilation, you can check that you are indeed using this zlib and not your system one:
 
<pre>
$ ldd ./myapp
...
libz.so.1 => /usr/i486-linux-gnu/lib/libz.so.1 (0xf7b6b000)
...
</pre>

Latest revision as of 15:41, 30 April 2018


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